Comprehensive guide to SAE J3016 autonomous driving levels with detailed definitions, responsibilities, and use cases
Level | Automation | Driver Responsibility | Operating Environment | Examples |
---|---|---|---|---|
🚗Level 1 - Driver Assistance | Driver Assistance | Full driver control required | All environments | ACC, Lane Keeping |
🚙Level 2 - Partial Automation | Partial Automation | Monitor and be ready to take control | Highway and limited access roads | Tesla Autopilot, GM Super Cruise |
🚘Level 3 - Conditional Automation | Conditional Automation | Take control when requested | Specific conditions and areas | Honda Legend, Mercedes Drive Pilot |
🚕Level 4 - High Automation | High Automation | No driver required in ODD | Geofenced areas | Waymo, Cruise Robotaxis |
🚁Level 5 - Full Automation | Full Automation | No human driver required | All environments and conditions | Future technology |